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Services > Survey Technology > Electromagnetics

TEMPEST- Digital Time Domain Electromagnetics

TEMPEST

Introduction

This is the most advanced Airborne Electomagnetic system available and with its excellent performance characteristics, TEMPEST offers cost effective solutions for a wide range of medium to large survey applications.

New Opportunities

TEMPEST offers new opportunities for exploration projects. Its rapid data acquisition ability accelerates the identification of priority areas for ground follow up which minimises environmental impact and access problems. TEMPESTs fixed wing configuration makes it cost effective for large scale reconnaissance projects, where ground and helicopter EM surveys would be prohibitively expensive. The quality detail and accuracy of TEMPEST data reveals geological and structural information that cannot be matched by other airborne techniques.

Technical Advances

Broad bandwidth - provides shallow and deep mapping capability
System geometry corrections - improves accuracy
Advanced data processing techniques - allows 3D data presentation

Applications

Minerals: TEMPEST is ideal for diamond exploration, gold exploration, regolith and paleochannel mapping and base metals exploration in resistive conditions.
Environmental: TEMPEST provides a highly cost effective method of conducting large-scale groundwater surveys and salinity mapping.

Features 

  • Square transmitter waveform proving improved ground response and data processing routines.
  • Wide bandwidth enhances discrimination of conductive features.
  • Improved monitoring of system geometry variations.
  • Data processing routines that remove the effects of system geometry changes.
  • 3D mapping capability.

System Specifications

Base frequency 25 Hz
Transmitter area 186 m2
Transmitter turns 1
Waveform Square
Duty cycle 50%
Transmitter pulse width 10 ms
Transmitter off-time 10 ms
Peak current 300 A
Peak moment  55,800 Am2
Average moment 27,900 Am2
Sample rate 75 kHz
Sample interval  13 microseconds
Samples per half-cycle 1500
System bandwidth 25 Hz to 37.5 kHz
Flying Height 120 m (subject to safety considerations)
EM sensor Towed bird with 3 component dB/dt coils
Tx-Rx horizontal separation 122 m (nominal, actual value determined)
Tx-Rx vertical separation 37 m (nominal, actual value determined)
Stacked data output interval 200 ms (~12 m)
Number of output windows 15
Window centre times 15 windows from 13 microseconds to 16.2  milliseconds
Magnetometer  Stinger-mounted cesium vapour
Compensation Fully digital
Magnetometer output interval 200 ms (~12m)
Magnetometer Resolution 0.001nT
Typical noise level 0.1 nT
GPS Cycle Rate 1 second

 

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